artificial teeth are also known commonly as dentures have been around for many hundreds of years. Dentures were made of human or animal teeth. These weren't very comfortable but were the first recorded artificial teeth known to man. Later materials like wood were used in Japan for full dentures however these again were not comfortable and people struggled to cope with them. Dentures today are made of acrylic or metal and are used to replace just a few teeth (partial dentures) or a complete arch of teeth (full dentures).
TYPES OF DENTAL PROSTHESES:-
Partial dentures
Fixed partial dentures
Removable partial dentures
Complete dentures
types of artificial teeth:-
there are many types of artificial teeth according to their materials inclouding Metallic which is very restricted cases and there are Acrylic resin and porcelain which are widely used, also we have composite.
The ideal dental requirements are for the aesthetics to ideally match with the natural teeth in shape, color, and transparency and to have a good attachment to the denture base and also must be low density in order for the dentures to be lightweight.
It should be strong and Tough to resist fracture, Resist aberration during chewing and cleaning with tolerance with easy Chair-side adjustments to adjust occlusion, and finally, it should be staining resistance.
COMPOSITION ACRYLIC TEETH:
1-POWDER
2-Polymer, PMMA
Initiator, Benzoyl peroxide
Pigments LIQUID
Monomer, MMA
FABRICATION
ACRYLIC TEETH:- Reusable metal molds using Fabrication involves
a) Dough Molding Technique.
b) Compaction
c) Injection Molding Technique.
ADVANTAGES OF ACRYLIC TEETH:
1)Easy to adjust and trim
2)Chemical bonding to the denture base, as they're made from an equivalent material
3)the Acrylic teeth are more compatible with the denture base than porcelain teeth.
4)No clicking sound
5) Easy to fabricate
6) Less trauma to the denture-bearing area. this is often particularly crucial for people with implants supporting the artificial tooth. so If they have lost the tissue around the implant, acrylic teeth are more forgiving when you grind your teeth and will keep their position longer than porcelain teeth.
7) Dentures will be lighter with acrylic teeth.
DISADVANTAGES OF ACRYLIC TEETH:
1) Acrylic teeth are susceptible to abrasion, e.g.if the patient has a habit of grinding teeth (bruxism) or eating a rough diet, the teeth will affect over time, causing changes in the length of the teeth.
2) It contains microscopic pits that will hold bacteria, so they are staining.
3) In rebasing, it is difficult to remove acrylic teeth from the denture base.
PORCELAIN TEETH :
Clay (Kaolin)
Silica
Binder (Feldspar)
Glasses
PORCELAIN TEETH: Standard shape and size firing using molds 30% larger than required to allow shrinkage during firing. Small holes are wont to resist creasing incorporated in the base of the porcelain teeth during Mechanical attachment.
ADVANTAGES OF PORCELAIN TEETH:
1) porcelain teeth give slightly greater translucency and depth of color
2) Harder than acrylic and more durable.
3) Wear resistance- this preserves the normal jaw movements and alignment for an extended period.
4) Staining resistance
5) Occasionally, due to resorption of the edentulous ridges, the dentures don't fit the mouth at all. rather than remaking a new denture, the base of the denture is often replaced (called “rebasing”) while retaining the artificial teeth so that the Occlusion won't be altered. Since the ceramic teeth don't bond chemically to the base, then they can be removed easily.
DISADVANTAGES OF PORCELAIN TEETH:-
1)It is about twice the density of acrylic teeth. Porcelain dentures are much heavier.
2) Porcelain teeth exert more force on the underlying soft tissues, causing more trauma to the tissues. This is a function of the greater modulus of elasticity of porcelain. This trauma can accelerate the rate by which the bone resorbs.
Facts About artificial Teeth:-
Dentures, unfortunately, are not the ideal solution for missing teeth. Soon after teeth are lost the jaw bone changes with bone shrinkage and this affects the facial profile. It is normal to see a change in facial appearance when teeth are lost. The jaw bone has a little function when natural teeth are removed and for this reason, the jaw bone shrinks. Dentures are made from accurate impressions that are taken of the mouth. Upper and lower impressions are taken in impression materials and sent to a special dental laboratory for making removable dentures. In the lab, dental technicians make dentures that sit over the gums and jaw bones. Dentures don't have much support within the mouth. The upper denture has a close seal on the roof of the mouth. This seal enables the upper denture to remain in place.
The lower denture, unfortunately, has no such seal so unfortunately lower dentures tend to move around a lot more than the upper dentures. Acrylic teeth are set into the dentures which will form the new artificial teeth on the denture. Acrylic teeth come in a variety of brands, shapes, colors, sizes, and styles. Dentures can last up to 10 years after which they should be replaced.